Were Christianoi in Antioch Still Observing Yahudi Fasts?
Witness: John Chrysostom ยท late 4th c.
What the ancient record says
Yes, he repeatedly attacks members of his congregation for participating in Yahudi fasts (his own sermons complain about it). Homily 1 warns that Yahudi festivals and fasts are approaching, says some of his own ranks intend to participate, and states his goal explicitly: drive the practice out of his assembly.
The sermon functions as accidental documentation, condemning the practice proves it existed; the prohibition becomes evidence of the behavior. Does not give a reliable statistical percentage, we can say the practice existed and he considered it serious enough to preach repeatedly against; we cannot say "most Christians in Antioch observed Yahudi fasts" without more evidence.
Read it for yourself. Chrysostom, Against Judaizing Christianoi, Homily 1 + later homilies on fasts/festivals (Jewish-Christian Relations Council).
Evidence strength: Direct primary evidence.